The Philosophy of Embodied Tai Chi
‘Simple if you don’t think about it’!
Embodied Tai Chi is simply the interpretation of traditional texts and oral teaching as being seen as references to our internal physiological sensations and feelings.
This hypothesis would interpret ‘Chi’ not as energy but as the perception of an internal sensation or feeling. The concept of ‘Tao’ would be the connection - efficient working of our physical body rather than the usual interpretation of way or flow.
Within the form we have a complicated interpretation of movement. The opposites of yin/yang leading to the trigrams and hexagrams along with the elements from Chinese philosophy. Combined together within the sequence of movements perhaps relating to the 10,000 things or the cycle of life described by Gerda Gebbes. So taking this hypothesis further the eight trigrams that also relate to ‘Pa Qua’ practice and five elements seen in ‘Hsing I’ should be felt or sensed rather than studied. If a posture relates to the hexagram ‘Mountain’ it is not just thinking solid / unmovable but also an internal sensation - how you feel inside when on a mountain or next to a towering cliff.
I say simply the interpretation with some reservations. It’s simple because we all have the ability to do it, no special guru, system or book required. It’s also possible that many people are doing this already and it’s just me that has spent nearly seventy years not understanding this simply way of seeing things. However, much of our autonomic nervous system functions without our conscious awareness. So I posed myself a question;
‘How do we know what we don’t know we already know’
David Hunt 2021
Well the ancient teachings of Tai Chi provide a helpful way to gain a wider perception of how our body functions, how to sense and feel what has largely been unconscious. Take balance as an example. As a one year old you were aware of the difficulty your body had trying to walk. But today you probably walk unconsciously, without thinking about your balance. If you don’t remember learning to walk you may recall years later learning to balance while trying to ride a bicycle. Learning Tai Chi helps us pay attention to what our body knows (balance) but has moved outside of our perception, has become unconscious. Paying attention – experiencing our physiological sensations and feelings allows us to become more conscious. However, trying to do this just through rational thought is much more difficult. Chinese philosophy warns us about over theorizing this process;
‘The Tao (way) that can be described is not the eternal Tao’
Tao Te Ching attributed to Lao-Tzu ch.1
If we don’t have the breadth of language to explore our physiological sensations and feelings we can at least experience them through Embodied Tai Chi movement and posture.
Perception of Opposites
There is another shift in perception that we need to consider. Our Western world appears more and more polarized and divided. A predominant world view seems to take an ‘either or’ standpoint leaving no room for a ‘both and’ inclusive perspective. When you see the Chinese picture representing the opposites of yin and yang it may appear to us as a two dimensional image of black and white. It may be difficult to see this flat image as a three dimensional spherical shape. However, by experiencing the circular spiraling movements in Tai Chi it may also be possible to perceive the three dimensional sphere as two flowing vortex’s merging and changing with each other. This hypothesis has been represented in the David Hunt Tai Chi logo for some thirty years.
Ancestor’s
Recognition of our Ancestors is an important cultural element of Eastern thought and this can be seen within the practice of Tai Chi. At the end of each sequence of movements we traditionally bow to recognize and thank those who have shared the knowledge of practice with us. In this sense ‘ancestors’ relates not just to our biological family but also to those who have influenced our life – ancestors relates to both nature and nurture. From an Embodied Tai Chi perspective can I suggest a perspective – hypothesis relating to this interpretation of ‘ancestors’. Rather than being the spirits of disembodied people looking down at us from the clouds can I suggest a physiological perspective. In terms of nurture we are influenced by our culture and time, what we learn influences our perspective of the world during our life. We are also gifted the basic building blocks of our physiology by our biological parents – nature. However, what we receive genetically from our parents is also influenced by their life experience, their culture and time. This process happens both forward and backward in time over countless generations. In this sense we are gifted who we are by our ancestors and have the opportunity to pass that forward to others both by nature and nurture.
If we look back at relationship charts going back over generations we can gain some understanding of how today we have come to interpret the world around us. We may also share this perspective with our wider family members as a process of nature. We may also share a common experience passed down by many other families due to shared experiences including war, natural disasters or poverty. When we pay attention to our physiological sensations and feelings in a way we are making conscious our inherited unconscious responses to life events. This enables us to understand both why we react to our world in the way we do and explore ways of reacting differently. This provides a way for us to pass forward a different way of being to future generations through nature or by nurture.
C G Jung psychological concepts of shadow, collective unconscious and archetypes etc may also be seen – perceived using this interpretation of embodied Tai Chi. We share with others an older part of ourselves that has influences beyond our family or national culture. We are born with everything we need for life; our heart begins beating, we breath, we seek to take in sustenance. The older part of our brain is often associated with survival; fight, flight and freeze or rest and digest. We begin to walk as a child but may not remember how we learned. As adults we just walk without conscious thought. I would suggest that the traditional methods of learning Tai Chi can allow us to perceive, to sense and feel, these older parts of ourselves. By doing this we become more aware of our physiology enables us to function more effectively.
These evolutionary parts of ourselves may also open us up to perceptions that I am yet unable to explain to our modern minds. For example others have confirmed they feel or sense something when I practice a form of traditional Chinese healing that involves no contact with the patient. A more common experience that many people have is a feeling of discomfort when another person enters their personal space - stands too close to them. We hold so much more inside us that is available but outside of our every day perception.
Effortless Movement
Let me suggest a further hypothesis. Embodied Tai Chi that identifies five principles; stability, intention, breathe, attention and with practice connection. This gradually allows each individual student to feel and sense their own best posture and movement. I would suggest these principles have relevance in all forms of Tai Chi and indeed many other systems of marital arts, exercise and bodywork.
This embodiment of the Tai Chi sequence of movement can opens us to a different perception of ourselves. Try this short exercise, pick up an object you use every day and simply look at it as you turn it in your hand.
Firstly, how do you sense and feel - perceive that object; is it pleasing, useful, beautiful?
Let’s try again, change your perception - sense and feel the object as touch; temperature, texture or weight! Did you consciously notice this exteroception the first time or were these sensations and feelings unconscious?
Try turning the object one last time but sense and feel the muscles, tendons or fascia in your fingers as they hold the object? Can you feel the muscles, tendons or fascia in your wrist, forearm or shoulder as you turn the object in your hand or were you unconscious of your proprioception?
Embodied Tai Chi uses these different ways of perceiving. Rather than learning the sequence of movements as a set of instructions or poses we pay attention to how that posture or movement feels, our internal sensations. Tai Chi is not about doing the movements it is about being movement. We need to stop being human doings and start being human beings.
‘The constant being enables one to see the outward manifestations’
Tao Te Ching, ch1 attributed to Lao Tzu Ch1
Being in the Zone
The last hypothesis draws on the work of C G Jung. Playfully applying this way of practicing Tai Chi can result in moments of calm – being in the zone. Movement becomes effortlessly, flowing. The ancient Greeks called this state ‘praotes’.
We start to balance thinking, intention and attention. This results in moments of intuition or inspiration. A creative experience much like that described by John Keats.
With practice we become more and more sensitive to our physiological sensations and feelings. This enhanced perception enables us to be calm and open. My hypothesis is the practice of Tai Chi enables us to activate our parasympathetic nervous system, the part of us responsible for rest, digest and healing. Paradoxically paying attention to our physiological self also results in an enhanced perception of our external world. The awe of nature.
Summary
So I can define Embodied Tai Chi as a form of bodywork that supports a change in perception allowing us to become more conscious of our physiological self. With practice we find our bodies optimum state that can result in moments of insight.
After many years of study I would suggest a relationship between the traditional teaching of Tai Chi, the bodywork of Elsa Gindler and the writings of C G Jung.
I have offered a number of hypotheses relating to Embodied Tai Chi so they may inform future research into the benefits of Tai Chi and be open to rigorous testing.
It is my intention that the methodology used in teaching Tai Chi will make it both more accessible and easier to learn.
I also offer the approach used in Embodied Tai Chi as a potential addition to other forms of exercise and bodywork.
Embodied Tai Chi may be of benefit to anyone involved in creative industries or the world of art as a means to unfolding our intuitive and creative self.
Finally, it is my hope that each one of us finds that greater sense of stability and compassion required in Tai Chi practice so that it can be used to as a positive way forward in challenging times.
‘Power (stability) without love (compassion) is abusive. Love (compassion) without power (stability) is ineffective’
Paul Linden
Paper; Tai Chi and Intuition
July 2023
Journal; Tai Chi Walks SWPCP
2023